Uncertainty and Volatility

Uncertainty and volatility are common attributes of todays national economies. While minor(ip) and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) represent major players in these economies, their stability and profitability are crucial issues that need further investigation. This statement is particularly significant in the Saudi Arabian context, because such enterprises have relatively recently begun to emerge and are beginning to play a dominant role in the countrys economy.At the homogeneous time, the SME sector in Saudi Arabia is currently facing m either barriers related to their relatively new economic situation (Kuada, 2006), as the atmosphere of the economic public is constantly changing and tends to be somewhat uncertain. As a leave, companies, including SMEs, need to be more creative and flexible as they seek to get utter some profits in the minimum amount of time. Moreover, it has been noted that human resources play a brisk role for every follow to achieve its goals (Barney & Wright, 1998), hence most companies seek to recruit high aptitude managers who can be a valuable addition to a workplace and can lead a company to achieve sustained success.In this respect, employee retention is considered one of the most serious challenges facing the stability of small system of ruless, since employee turnover can be harmful and expensive. When an employee intends to put across the company voluntarily, the issue is of such importance that numerous interrogationers have investigated the causes and effects of voluntary turnover (Al-ARaj, 1989). Whilst the cost of losing skilled employees can be harmful for any organization (Ballinger, Craig, Cross, Gray, 2011), it is particularly so in SMEs as the effect is proportionally greater. According to OConnell and Mei-Chuan (2007), the average cost of employee turnover is approximately $13,996 per employee.Further, Ballinger, Craig, Cross and Gray (2011) deem that the direct cost of hiring and training a new employee can range from 25% to 500% of the employees annual salary, and, as such, Boushey and Glynn (2012) found that the replacement of highly meliorate executive employees averages 213% of the annual salary bill for a company. It has been noted that because this significant turnover is such a costly process (Al-ARaj, 1989), it could lead to serious ostracise consequences for an organization. Indeed, in some situations, the consequences of significant turnover rates could expand beyond the organization to influence the labour market, the economic cycle and communities in general. Furthermore, Hyson (2016) and George (2015) argue that an organization can both conserve knowledge and manage resources more cost-effectively through being proactive in attempting to retain valuable employees.As a result of such deliberate actions to maintain staff, organizations are likely to increase their overall performance and develop long-term stability. In this respect, it has been suggested that manager behaviour p lays a vital role in staff turnover. For example, Snyder and Lopez (2009) have specifically asserted that the encouragement of skilled employees by managers is vital in this regard. Of particular interest to the current body of work is that, in the SME sector, because enterprises are fiscally smaller their resources are generally scarcer. In the light of this scarcity, employee turnover is a more harmful occurrence than in grown organizations which are able to absorb the consequential additional financial outlay described above. For this reason, the SME sector constitutes an important area for further research.Moreover, researchers analysing the behaviour of managers in SMEs identify that the managers emotional intelligence is of great importance, as it significantly affects the management processes and outcomes within their enterprises. It is telling that the debate over topics related to EI and employees behaviour is ongoing in various cultures and parts of the world (Ang et a l., 2007) , and it is asserted here that the role of EI in reducing turnover is one particular area that requires further investigation. Therefore, it is postulated that the analysis of the role of EI in the SME context should be carefully investigated in order to understand the way it affects employees retention outcomes in Saudi Arabia.It has also emerged that there is an extensive amount of animosity surrounding whether there are any differences in the levels and perceptions of EI in managers from different backgrounds and cultures, and, in addition, to what extent EI can be affected by these factors. limited research has been conducted on the relationship and/or link between EI and employee turnover in SMEs, specifically in the Middle Eastern context. Thus, this research aims to fill an important wind in the literature.